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Figure of Speech

 

 FIGURES OF SPEECH – FULL CLASS GUIDE

 1. What is a Figure of Speech?

Definition (simple for students):
A figure of speech is a way of using words beyond their literal meaning to make language more effective, emotional, or imaginative.

👉 Example:

  • “The classroom was a zoo.”
    (Not real zoo → shows chaos)

 2. Why Do We Use Figures of Speech?

  • To make language interesting

  • To create images in mind

  • To express emotions deeply

  • To make writing memorable

 3. Types of Figures of Speech (with teaching examples)

🔵 (A) SIMILE

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Definition: Comparison using “like” or “as”

Examples:

  • As brave as a lion

  • Runs like the wind

👉 Trick: If like/as present → SIMILE

🔴 (B) METAPHOR

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Definition: Direct comparison (no like/as)

Examples:

  • Time is money

  • Life is a journey

👉 Trick: One thing is another → METAPHOR

🟢 (C) PERSONIFICATION

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Definition: Giving human qualities to non-living things

Examples:

  • The wind whispered

  • The sun smiled

👉 Trick: Non-living doing human action

🟡 (D) ALLITERATION

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Definition: Repetition of same starting sound

Examples:

  • She sells sea shells

  • Wild winds whistle

👉 Trick: Same sound repeats

🟣 (E) HYPERBOLE

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Definition: Extreme exaggeration

Examples:

  • I cried a river

  • I have told you a million times

👉 Trick: Unreal exaggeration

⚫ (F) OXYMORON

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Definition: Two opposite words together

Examples:

  • Deafening silence

  • Bitter sweet

👉 Trick: Opposites together

⚪ (G) IRONY

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Definition: Opposite of what is expected

Examples:

  • Fire station burns down

  • Teacher says: “Great job!” (for mistake)

🔶 (H) ONOMATOPOEIA

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Definition: Words that imitate sounds

Examples:

  • Buzz

  • Bang

  • Splash

  • The stars danced

Ask students to identify type


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