Skip to main content

Present Tense – Complete Rules

 

Present Tense – Complete Rules 

1. Present Indefinite Tense (Simple Present)

✔ Use (उपयोग)

  • आदत (habit)

  • रोज होने वाले काम

  • सामान्य सत्य (universal truth)

✔ Affirmative (साधारण वाक्य)

Structure:
Subject + V1 / V1(s/es)

Rule:

  • He/She/It → V1(s/es)

  • I/We/You/They → V1

Examples:

  • He plays cricket.

  • I read books.

✔ Negative (नकारात्मक वाक्य)

Structure:
Subject + do/does + not + V1

Examples:

  • He does not play cricket.

  • I do not read books.

✔ Interrogative (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य)

Structure:
Do/Does + Subject + V1 ?

Examples:

  • Do you play cricket?

  • Does he read books?

✔ WH Questions

Structure:
Wh-word + do/does + subject + V1 ?

Examples:

  • Why do you laugh?

  • Where does he live?

✔ Interrogative Negative

Structure:
Do/Does + subject + not + V1 ?

Examples:

  • Do you not understand?

  • Does he not work?

2. Present Continuous Tense

✔ Use (उपयोग)

  • अभी हो रहा काम

  • अस्थायी क्रिया (temporary action)

✔ Affirmative

Structure:
Subject + am/is/are + V1 + ing

Examples:

  • I am reading a book.

  • She is writing a letter.

✔ Negative

Structure:
Subject + am/is/are + not + V1 + ing

Examples:

  • I am not reading.

  • She is not writing.

✔ Interrogative

Structure:
Am/Is/Are + Subject + V1 + ing ?

Examples:

  • Are you reading?

  • Is she writing?

✔ WH Questions

Structure:
Wh-word + am/is/are + subject + V1 + ing ?

Examples:

  • What are you doing?

  • Why is he running?

✔ Interrogative Negative

Structure:
Am/Is/Are + subject + not + V1 + ing ?

Examples:

  • Are you not studying?

  • Is he not coming?

3. Present Perfect Tense

✔ Use (उपयोग)

  • कार्य पूरा हो चुका है

  • परिणाम (result) दिख रहा है

✔ Affirmative

Structure:
Subject + has/have + V3

Examples:

  • I have completed my work.

  • She has written a letter.

✔ Negative

Structure:
Subject + has/have + not + V3

Examples:

  • I have not completed my work.

  • She has not written a letter.

✔ Interrogative

Structure:
Has/Have + Subject + V3 ?

Examples:

  • Have you completed your work?

  • Has she written a letter?

✔ WH Questions

Structure:
Wh-word + has/have + subject + V3 ?

Examples:

  • What have you done?

  • Why has he left?

✔ Interrogative Negative

Structure:
Has/Have + subject + not + V3 ?

Examples:

  • Have you not finished the task?

  • Has he not arrived?

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

✔ Use (उपयोग)

  • काम पहले शुरू हुआ और अभी तक जारी है

  • समय (since/for) महत्वपूर्ण होता है

✔ Affirmative

Structure:
Subject + has/have + been + V1 + ing + since/for

Examples:

  • I have been studying for two hours.

  • She has been working since morning.

✔ Negative

Structure:
Subject + has/have + not + been + V1 + ing

Examples:

  • I have not been studying.

  • She has not been working.

✔ Interrogative

Structure:
Has/Have + Subject + been + V1 + ing ?

Examples:

  • Have you been studying?

  • Has she been working?

✔ WH Questions

Structure:
Wh-word + has/have + subject + been + V1 + ing ?

Examples:

  • What have you been doing?

  • Why has he been shouting?

✔ Interrogative Negative

Structure:
Has/Have + subject + not + been + V1 + ing ?

Examples:

  • Have you not been studying?

  • Has he not been working?

⭐ Quick Learning Table

TenseHelping Verbपहचान
Present Indefinitedo / doesआदत / रोज का काम
Present Continuousam / is / areअभी हो रहा काम
Present Perfecthas / haveकाम पूरा हो चुका
Present Perfect Continuoushas/have beenकाम जारी है (since/for)


Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Chapter 1 – Chemical Reactions and Equations PYQ with solution

Chapter 1 – Chemical Reactions and Equations जो भरा नहीं है भावों से जिसमें बहती रसधार नहीं, वह हृदय नहीं पत्थर है, जिसमें मातृभूमि से प्यार नहीं ! और एक विद्यार्थी का सबसे बड़ा देशभक्ति यही है कि वो मन लगाकर पढ़ाई करे 2026  Question 1 Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air? Answer: Magnesium ribbon should be cleaned before burning because a thin layer of magnesium oxide (MgO) forms on its surface when it reacts with oxygen in air. This layer prevents magnesium from burning properly. Cleaning removes the oxide layer and helps the magnesium ribbon burn easily with a bright white flame. Topic Explanation Magnesium is a very reactive metal. When it remains exposed to air, it reacts slowly with oxygen. The reaction is: 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO Here: Mg = Magnesium O₂ = Oxygen MgO = Magnesium oxide The magnesium oxide forms a dull white coating on the ribbon. Important Concept This reaction is a: ➤ Combination Reaction Because two substances combine to form one produc...
Post a Comment
Read more

Chapter 1 - Power Sharing (Ncert Civics 2026-27) Class 10th Notes

This is the sample of Note Making by one of the student who follows Alamin sir's Note Making Style CHAPTER 1: POWER SHARING (Class 10 Civics) 1. Belgium and Sri Lanka (Case Studies) Belgium – Ethnic Composition Belgium is a small country in Europe. It is geographically small but politically very important. It has a diverse ethnic composition. This means people belong to different language and cultural groups. Ethnic Composition (Meaning) It means division of people based on language, culture, or religion. People who share similar language or culture usually form their own groups for identity and comfort. Population Distribution (Easy Understanding) 59% Dutch-speaking (Flemish region) These people speak Dutch and mostly live in the northern part. 40% French-speaking (Wallonia region) These people speak French and live in the southern part. 1% German-speaking A very small group living in the eastern side. Brussels (Capital) 80% French-speaking 20% Dutch-speaking Even though Dutch spe...
Post a Comment
Read more

CLASS 10 CIVICS – CHAPTER 3 GENDER, RELIGION AND CASTE

  CLASS 10 CIVICS – CHAPTER 3 GENDER, RELIGION AND CASTE 3.1 GENDER AND POLITICS 3.1.1 Gender Division Gender division is a social division based on the roles and responsibilities assigned to men and women by society . It is important to understand that gender division is not simply a division based on biological differences. Society creates expectations about what men and women should do. Traditional division of work Traditionally, society has considered: Women responsible for household work. Men responsible for earning money and working outside the home. Women are expected to cook, clean, wash clothes and take care of children and elderly family members. Men are generally expected to participate in economic activities outside the home. This creates an unequal division of work. Sexual Division of Labour The division of work between men and women is known as the sexual division of labour . For example: If a woman works as a teacher or doctor but is still expected to perform almos...
Post a Comment
Read more