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Application for Class 9th & 10th CBSE/ICSE/STARE BOARD|English Grammar

  1. Opening / Introducing the Purpose Instead of always writing “With due respect, I want to say…” , you can use: Formal & simple With due respect, I would like to state that… Respectfully, I wish to bring to your kind notice that… I would like to draw your kind attention to the fact that… I am writing this application to request… I wish to inform you that… I would like to bring to your notice that… I humbly wish to state that… I would like to submit that… I am writing to seek your permission for… I am writing this application regarding… Through this application, I wish to request… I would like to place before you my request for… Traditional school-exam style With due respect, I beg to state that… Most respectfully, I beg to say that… I respectfully submit that… With great respect, I would like to state that… Teaching tip: Tell students that “I beg to state” is grammatically acceptable in traditional formal applications, but “I would like to state/submit…” sounds more natur...

CHAPTER 2: AN EMPIRE ACROSS THREE CONTINENTS

  CLASS 11 HISTORY CHAPTER 2: AN EMPIRE ACROSS THREE CONTINENTS 1. The Roman Empire: An Introduction The Roman Empire was one of the largest and most powerful empires of the ancient world. At its greatest extent, it covered territories in Europe, North Africa and West Asia . The Mediterranean Sea was at the centre of the empire. Romans called it Mare Nostrum , meaning “Our Sea” , because Roman control surrounded much of it. The empire connected regions with very different languages, cultures, religions and economic systems . Therefore, the Roman Empire was not a culturally uniform state. Basic geographical idea EUROPE │ ┌─────────┴─────────┐ │ MEDITERRANEAN │ │ SEA │ └─────────┬─────────┘ AFRICA │ WEST ASIA Remember: Roman Empire = Europe + North Africa + West Asia 2. The Mediterranean and Roman Power The Mediterranean was the heart of Roman civilisation. It provided an ea...